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Cancer treatment is often constrained by drug resistance and adverse effects, necessitating the search for alternative therapeutic sources. Thus, this study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of essential oil from the rhizomes of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum). The oil was extracted via hydrodistillation and characterised using chromatographic analysis, while cytotoxicity effect was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality assay. The oil was dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes with geranial and neral as major compounds. The essential oil exhibited very strong cytotoxicity with LC₅₀ value of 12.17 µg/mL, indicating its potential as a promising source for cancer therapy.