ST156: Smart Traffic Light System With Emergency Vehicle Detection (LUX)

Foo Tun Feng Politeknik Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin

The Smart Traffic Light System with Emergency Vehicle Detection (LUX) is a prototype designed to enhance emergency response efficiency and reduce traffic congestion at road intersections. Conventional traffic light systems operate based on fixed timing mechanisms and lack the ability to detect approaching emergency vehicles, often causing unnecessary delays for ambulances, fire trucks, and police vehicles during critical situations. To address this limitation, the proposed system integrates Internet of Things (IoT) technology, sound-based siren detection, and artificial intelligence–based image processing to identify emergency vehicles in real time. Audio sensors are used to detect siren patterns, while a camera and AI model perform visual verification to improve detection accuracy and reduce false triggers. Once an emergency vehicle is confirmed, the system automatically overrides normal traffic light operation and adjusts signal phases to create a clear and safe path through the intersection. In addition, the system collects and stores traffic and event data, which are transmitted to a centralized database and visualized through a real-time monitoring dashboard for traffic authorities. This enables better traffic analysis, system monitoring, and future optimization. By combining microcontroller-based control, sensor fusion, and machine learning techniques, the LUX system demonstrates a practical and scalable approach to emergency vehicle prioritization. The proposed solution supports smart city development initiatives by improving road safety, reducing emergency response time, and enhancing overall traffic management efficiency.